Evaluation of Locally Sourced Construction Materials for Low-Cost Housing in Rural Kaduna State

Abstract

Access to affordable and durable housing remains a critical challenge in rural Nigeria. This paper evaluates the mechanical properties and cost-effectiveness of locally sourced construction materials — including compressed earth blocks, bamboo composites, and laterite mortar — for application in low-cost housing schemes in Kaduna State. Laboratory tests assessed compressive strength, water absorption, and thermal conductivity. Results show that compressed earth blocks stabilised with 8% cement exhibit compressive strength of 4.2 N/mm², meeting standards for single-storey residential construction. The use of these materials can reduce construction costs by up to 40% compared to conventional burnt bricks. The study recommends policy support for the integration of local materials in government housing programmes.